Employer Match & True-Up Explained
Short answer: If your employer matches per paycheck and your plan does not have a year-end true-up, maxing out your 401(k) early can cause you to lose employer matching dollars on the remaining paychecks of 2027.
What a True-Up Does
Most 401(k) plans calculate employer match paycheck-by-paycheck (for example, 100% of your deferral up to 4% of that paycheck’s gross pay). If you hit the $25,500 IRS cap in October, your employee deferrals drop to $0 for November and December—so per-paycheck matching drops to $0 too.
A year-end true-up reconciles your total annual compensation and total annual deferrals after December 31 and deposits the missing match. If your plan has no true-up (or you are not sure), spreading contributions evenly across every remaining paycheck protects your full match.